canon fd 100mm f2 8 review
A very small amount of pincushion distortion which should be irrelevant for about any application. Second was the mild wide angle, which I liked, though I did with it was an f2.8 instead of a 3.5. or Best Offer. Part of the brass 'n glass era. However, I still have another 100 f2.8 which I use with the EF I have, so I've never really done without one for over 40 years. Really fits best on Canon F series cameras. Jeroen. Now I actually saw some ca in the upper left corner in one of the Pictures you can see in the link a sent, so you were right. The one I liked the least was the 135 f2.5, and this lens was supposed to have the best reputation of them all. Released in 1979, the Canon FD 50mm f/3.5 macro is one of the two versions of the lens released for the FD mount.The other macro lens is the 50mm f/3.5 S.S.C. I’ve bought lenses that had fungus just on one element, so i thought it would be a good idea to try and clean it, but it was not posisble to dissaselmble. $175.95. Your email address will not be published. altprocess. Secondly the f2.8 aperture is big enough to produce a good out of focus background to isolate the subject. A carry over in FD form from the previous FL model, it was a good solid sharp lens, that well I didn't like it much. Thank you ! My guess would be the FD 2/135 (if you geh it under 300). This is the lens I most frequently recommend for someone starting out in macro photography – at least most frequently recommend until the Canon EF 100mm f/2.8L IS USM Macro Lens was introduced. The Canon EF 200mm f/2.8L II USM Lens is a fast, high quality 200mm telephoto lens available for a very nice price.. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. It has the same CA issues (lateral is easy to fix), and has some flare but I’ve found the built-in hood to work very well unless the sun is in the frame. In brief,which is the best 135 under €300 Canon 100mm f/2.8 L Macro Review: Top Tier Portrait Lens and Much, Much More A macro telephoto lens might sound niche, but in practice, it's anything but: the low light and video performance of this lens is out of this world – making it one of three "must haves" for Canon … Would you prefer the Canon or the Minolta 135mm 3.5 for portraits? Sometimes fungus can be cleaned perfectly, other times there are groups of lenses that are glued together and have fungus inbetween, then theres no chance. I have been following your blog for a while and it did open up my eyes how manual lenses work with A7 series cameras. I would have wished for a little more resistance though, it feels a bit too loose. From f/2.8 it is sharp across the frame. Canon only made one 2.8/135 lens with FD mount. Not only portrait, but in this respect I did not find a better lens. The midframe and corners improve a bit, but not nearly as much as the center. If you want the qualities described in this review you need to buy the lens yousee in the images. I also have an old striped Meyer-Gorlitz 15 bladed monster, which is pretty sharp but mine is often a bit glowy. Sunstars performance top. At its specific focal length, the 24mm f/2.8 (appx. !!!! For landscape photography I would prefer the Minolta. Canon FD 100mm F2 and F2.8 – Now we’re moving on to the area where µ43 lacks, fast tele primes. I have disassembled a few lenses. Be careful in harsh light. Unfortunately I am not able to get at least one sharp Image with it. I guess it is. Canon FD 100mm f/2.8 S.S.C. By f/5.6, the center improves ever so slightly, and you will be hard presse… Canon also made 2/135, 2.5/135 and 3.5/135 lenses but these will have different qualities than the FD 2.8/135 in this review. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Any recommendation what I could try out? The Canon FD 2.8/135 is a lightweight and affordable lens. Any idea what might be wrong? The Canon FD 2.8/135 is a good lens optically. It seems, that the lens is a good choice for low budget and an option for my Tamron 2.8 135. The EF 85mm f/1.8 USM’s resolution is impressive in that its sharpness is applied beyond the center of an image and into the corners and edges, especially at middle apertures like f/5.6. The Canon FD 2.8/135 has 8 aperture blades. Was only using ISO to adjust exposure. hello , 16 watching. You will find people referring to it as nFD or FDn. Used this lens on NEX 5N camera, this is a one perfect 100mm. So in terms of vintage and macro lenses in the 90-105mm focal length range, you should expect to find copies of the lens at the bottom of the price range. Is it because of the longitudinal CA you mentioned ? One of the most interesting aspects of the 100mm lens is the ability it gives you to … It is part of the “new FD” generation so it is easier to mount than older FD lenses. Keep up the good work. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. In Germany you can buy it for 40-60€ at ebay.de (affiliate link). The Canon FD 135mm 1:2.8 usually sells for around $40-60 at ebay.com (affiliate link). I have quite a few shots taken with that lens on Instagram, it’s one of my favorites. What more can I say, small, but not too small, versatile and sharp, it's no wonder I've had an affection for this lens all these years. On your recommendation, or janniks, I have acquired a c/y zeiss 100 f3.5, 50 f1.4 and the Minolta md 75-150, very special lenses. It also develops a hot spot above f/9.5 in bright lighting, but that could just be my copy. NEW ! The following two tabs change content below. Required fields are marked *. The 85mm didn't give perfect focus, even after microcorrection, as often as this 100mm f/2. There is a lighter plain MD version but I have no experience with it. Do you have any idea how it performs in regards to this canon fd 135 or other 135 ? "Give it to me," he said, when I explained what lens I really wanted. In my eyes there is little reason to use this lens on a APS-C camera, 18-55 Kit lenses will give better results. or Best Offer. One day I’ll save up enough for a 100mm f2 or 24mm f2. 55mm f 1.2 canon fl mount lens with front and rear caps More Buying Choices $195.95 (2 used offers) Pixco Lens Adapter Focusing Infinity Focal Reducer Speed Booster with Optical Glass for Canon FD Lens to EOS M M50 M6 M5 M10 M3 M2 Adapter Ring So far I do like using it, particularly for portraiture. Since this is a newer lens to me, it hasn't taken the abuse that my 20mm and 50mm have, but it appears up to the task. Good shooting to all. It was also my macro lens when I would use an extension tube to help it focus closer. Flaring can be a problem with the FD 2.8/135. I started out with a Canon FTb with a 50mm f1.8, an FD 35mm f3.5 and a Canon FD 135 f2.5. Canon nfD 2/135 – I never had the chance to compare both lenses but I have seen quite few very nice images FD 2.8/135’s bigger brother. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website. Of the three I like the normal the best (I still have it, in part because it's a chrome ring model). Collection. I wish it focused more closely, but I guess that's why they make macro lenses. I have just invested in an OM1 body as well to compliment my OM2n, I have fallen for these cameras in a big way. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Taking a closer look at the Canon AV-1, a camera I had back in the eighties and recently reacquired. It weighs less than you'd first expect, which is a good thing. However, what annoyed me was that the pictures sometimes were with a layer of purple colour. Canon FD 100mm f/2.8 Portrait Prime Lens with Caps, Lens Hood & UV Filter /Japan. . Why have I kept it. https://flic.kr/s/aHsm4FsLCN. Did I get a Bad copy of the lens? 24mm f/2.8. I think I need to give it another try and See what happens. Ideal for portraits. I have the Canon FD 2.5/135 and it performs very similarly when i compare my test crops to yours. 9.0. My name is mrbassee on Instagram. Hi, Phillip The Canon new FD 135mm 1:2.8 has a close focusing distance of 1.3m which results in a reproduction ratio of 1:7 which is about average for a 135mm lens. Its a very nice portrait lens and landscape lens. Reduced a lot by f/4 and gone for all practical purposes by f/5.6. I see versions from Makinon, Admiral, Vivitar which are a bit cheaper than the ones branded Canon (although they look the same). However, it does offer unique image quality with a great ability to really isolate the subject and blur out the background, which is always rendered very smoothly. No, 130 g is correct because I am talking about the older and heavier Rokkor. . Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. This Canon FD 100mm f 2.8 is a great 35mm SLR lens for all fd cameras. It does not happen at every scene but when it happens, all the pictures taken at that scene (same angle and same subject) will be purpled. Based on your articles and Google, the difference is only 15g? SSC is not like Zeiss T*. Thanks for this review! It happens if you have a very high local contrast. All images are processed in Lightroom from Raw. The cat-eye effect can be seen at f/2.8 but it isn’t too pronounced. The lens is probably at fault if you can rule out camera shake. $7.95 shipping. The Canon FD 135mm 1:2.8 usually sells for around $40-60 at ebay.com (affiliate link). The midframe region is good from f/2.8 but benefits from stopping down to f/4 as well from were it is very good. AE-1 Program (1981) altprocess. It is the only lens optically and mechanically perfect, in relation to all the 135 2.8 from $ 80 to $ 150 on the market. Stopped down to f/5.6 there is little to complain about. eigentlich ein "L" . The Canon FD 2.8/135 has a small integrated hood. it is ideal for use as a general-purpose telephoto, especially if you … Coupled with Canon’s automatic aperture system, the f/2.8 sends a stream of light through the viewfinder, making focusing much easier than with its slower competitors. $17.80 shipping. Would be good to see how it’s holds up to your fd. Comparing two new samples side-by-side, both the 85mm f/1.8 and this 100mm f/2 are excellent, with this 100mm f/2 USM giving excellent results more consistently. $ 125) makes a fine choice … Here are some photos I have taken with Sony A7rii : So the Canon is a sharp lens and you can sue it at f/2.8 without hesitation. Model: 4657A006. My copy of this lens never failed, but don't expect razor-sharp. Be cautious when buying defective lenses…. It’s acceptably sharp at f/2.5, good at f/3.2, and great at f/5.6. I never had the chance to compare both lenses but I have seen quite few very nice images FD 2.8/135’s bigger brother. I already had the Vivitar close focus f2.8 135, which is very nice for close work, but not nearly as good as this Canon at infinity. I have just ordered a canon nfd 135mm F2.8 to use with my a7ii. The slower F2.8 S.S.C. Older Version: Canon FD 200mm f/2.8 S.S.C.& Canon Lens FD 200mm f/4.0 S.S.C. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. It offers excellent optical … I hope to find many future uses for it. SKU: 7170189. Canon 70-200mm F2.8 L IS II USM review samples: 35 images Apr 16, 2008 Olympus 12-60mm F2.8-F4 D Review Samples: 24 images Apr 7, 2008 Olympus 14-42mm F3.5-F5.6 Review Samples: 24 images Apr 7, 2008 Sony DSC-H10 Review Samples SCHARF !HOCHAUFLÖSEND !. It is a bit expensive though and much heavier. Using telephotos on video is usually a recipe for jello-y, shaky disaster unless you have a sandbagged tripod in a windless studio. with 400-800 iso film you will be able to work indoor areas such as concerts and sports events when flash is … i bought a sony A7II a few month ago, focus peaking with manual lenses are very easy. DAS zweitbeste Objektiv, dass ich je hatte . Kodak Ultramax 400. It is also 130 grams lighter. the late MC is the same optically as the earlier MD. Canon 100mm f/2.8 L for Video. The only workaround is to stop down or buy a better corrected lens like the Samyang 2/135. Close Focus: Marked at 3.5 feet/1 meter, but you can get a little closer. Some lovely images there Sandeep, I too love my 100mm f2.8, I managed to pick one up very cheap on ebay and have got some excellent results with it. Are they of lesser quality? So one day I asked a professor of mine who was also an amateur photography what I could do to get rid of it. At f/4 the center reaches its peak performance,the midframe and corners improve as well.The corners still look a bit better than the midframe although corners show lower contrast. Always love reading your review. Its very small and light with a fastish f2.8 aperture. I’m quite interested in this Canon lens and had a look on eBay to buy it, but I am quite puzzled by all the different versions of this 135 mm. i think its not that complicated if you have the right tools (or are able to improvise). Because of the flange-focal-distance of Canon FD lenses all adapters for DSLR cameras either contain an optical element which will reduce image quality a lot or you lose infinity focus. Hi Phillip, $89.88. Thanks. The Canon FD 2.8/135 is a medium sized lens and not too heavy at about 400g. A longer more effective lens hood than the one built in might help with this issue. Sharpness is slightly better at ƒ/2.8… Over the years, I've used it for countless head to shoulders portraits. User rating, 4.8 out of 5 stars with 66 reviews. I Think its ok for a legacy lens, but even some modern lenses got the same amount of ca, and for me thats not ok. Hi! Canon EF 100mm f/2 USM vs. Carl Zeiss Makro-Planar T 100mm f/2 ZE Canon vs. Sigma 105mm f/2.8 ED DG OS HSM Canon mounted on Canon EOS 5D Mark II I’ve been using both the focus magnifier and focus peaking to get things right. Canon EF 24mm ƒ/2.8 ~$300 If you don't need to go as wide as 20mm, the 24mm is slightly less expensive, but lacks the USM focusing. Lens Description: Canon FD 100 mm f/ 2.8 - fast telephoto prime lens for a 35mm SLR with a Canon FDn mount. In Germany you can buy it for 40-60€ at ebay.de(affiliate link). Mirrorless cameras have a much shorter flange focal distance and you can buy adapters for Fuji-X, Sony-E, Micro Four Thirds and Samsung NX which won’t degrade image quality or lose infinity focus. Longitudinal CA is quite obvious in some scenes and much more of an issue than lateral CA because it can’t be easily corrected. The Canon EF 100mm f/2.8 USM Macro Lens is a very good choice for macro photography of butterflies, insects or flowers. The focusing ring travels about 200 degrees from 1.3m to infinity. Thanks for the review. Since it is rather common it shouldn’t be too hard to find one though. As it was daylight, I was able to keep the shutter speed below 1/200. Konica Hexanon 135mm f3.2 doesnt seem to have the problem with ca as the Canon fdn 135mm f2.8 has. So, I did and soon there after he gave me a nearly new Canon FD 100mm f2.8. A review of a Canon AV-1, black, with the Canon FD 50mm f/1.4 with sample images from two rolls of film, Ilford HP5 Plus, and Kodak Image Pro. You also might find that the FD 2.8/135 feels somewhat cheap and other lenses are more pleasant to use. Thanks! I got it to try to get better infinity sharpness at this FL for an upcoming trip to Iceland, and I’m very glad I did. Other than the popular f4.0 version, information on the older version of the 200mm f2.8 is scarced. Does high local contrast cause a result like this ? The Canon FDn 135 f2 is a great lens. The Canon FD 2.8/135 is very sharp in the center from f/2.8, stopping down to f/4 makes the center excellent and it becomes softer again from f/11. I found it big, heavy and awkward to use, largely because I wanted to take portraits. $149.88. I have two hobbies: Photography and photographic gear. 3.8 out of 5 stars Best Sellers Rank #2,437 in Camera Lenses: Is Discontinued By Manufacturer No Date First Available June 18, 2013 Manufacturer Canon Feedback Would you like to … By design, most macro lenses are very sharp, and the Canon EF 100mm f/2.8L IS USM is no different. (1) Price Match Guarantee. I bought this lens for a great price from a used online retailer (www.cameta.com). Add it's sturdy build and good looks and that is … So all in all the Canon FD 2.8/135 is a very capable lens and I can recommend it with only a few reservations. Your email address will not be published. Nicola, I have only used the Canon nFD 2.8/135 and Minolta MD 2.8/135 so I can’t answer which is the best 135 under 300. The size of the 200 is … In my country, the MD version is really hard to find. You can use the lens on a wide range of old Canon FD-mount film-cameras like the Canon A1 or AE-1. However, I mostly shoot it at f3.2. Like most older lenses: get it cleaned inside and you will be amazed. It is a bit expensive though and much heavier. I checked prices in November of 2018. I encountered this problem only with my Canon nFD 135/2.8 and nFD 24/2.8, but not Minolta MD 50/1.4, I am pretty sure that you can provoke it with a 1.4/50 as well as long as you are at f/1.4 or f/2. After reading it, I got one of these in good shape for not too much money, and my initial testing shows it to be much much better than the three vintage 135s I already had, at least at infinity. Manual lenses on the Sony a7 – a beginners guide, Affordable manual lenses for the Sony Alpha 7,7r,7ii,7rii and 7s, Announced: Voigtlander 35mm F2 Apo-Lanthar, Review: Samyang 2/135 ED UMC - phillipreeve.net, Review: Nikon 75-150mm 3.5 Series E - phillipreeve.net, The best lenses below $499 for the Sony a7 series v1.1 - phillipreeve.net, Sony FE lenses: A comprehensive and independent guide, Guide to Macro Lenses for the Sony a7 series, Beginner’s Guide to Manual Lenses on the Sony a7, Guide to Adapters for Manual Lenses on the Sony a7 series, The Guide to Canon FD lenses on the Sony a7 series, The rated List of Minolta MD/MC Lenses on the Sony a7, Quick-Review: Minolta MC Rokkor 35mm 1:1.8, Number of Aperture Blades: 8 (slightly curved). Shop for canon f2.8 lenses at Best Buy. New Canonet QL17 (1969) altprocess. Though not a macro lens, you can ge… . Canon Macro Lens FD 100MM 1:4. I will earn a small commission on your purchase and it won’t cost you anything. It has a very nice rendering and is acceptably sharp wide open, stopping down to f5.6 it’s very sharp. Its very small and light with a fastish f2.8 aperture. The lens is already very impressive in the center of the frame at max aperture with corners lagging a bit but still rendering very sharp results. It has very good resolution and contrast right from the start @2.8, no noticeable distortions or abberations, no color casts. Just found one this morning in perfect condition at an estate sale for $15. Add it's sturdy build and good looks and that is more than enough for me. I really like your work. Shown here on the extreme left is the one with the chrome mount ring. FD Mount. The faster F2 is a a bit large, but does have high marks , these go for around $200-300 on eBay. The lens is mostly metal or high quality plastic, I am not quite sure. Canon FD 100mm 1:2.8 (60 - 120€) wide open sharper than the 85 1.8 at 2.8 Canon FD 135mm 1:2.0 (250 - 350€) Fast, huge and a Bokeh machine Canon Lens FD 20mm 2.8 - a good choice for a wide lens on a budget. This Canon FD 100mm f 2.8 is a great 35mm SLR lens for all fd cameras. $19.39 shipping. . I have a question you might be able to answer,i need a not too expensive 135mm and was thinking about a nikkor 135 2,8 Ais. Find low everyday prices and buy online for delivery or in-store pick-up ... Canon - EF 100mm f/2.8 USM Macro Lens - Black. It is? with 400-800 iso film you will be able to work indoor areas such as concerts and sports events when flash is … My issue is that the whole picture would be covered by a purple layer. I guess the seller knew that, because it looked like it had been disaselmbled before. Notable but not excessive at f/2.8. and your reviews. Nice review! It is not much bigger than the 50mm standard lens. Phoenix 100mm F/3.5 Macro Lens for CANON FD manual focus. Finally, it is sharp. 7.3. Some parts like the aperture ring at the front plate are obviously made from plastics. Don’t forget to set manually the IBIS setting to 135mm, so that stabilization will be much more efficient. The New FD 100mm f/2.8 or the faster speed of the New FD 100mm f/2.0, both of which are capable of handling the demands required for low light situations. I use an expensive Novoflex adapter (link to my review) but the cheaper ones usually work well enough. Stop down to f74 and it’s mostly gone. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. I usually recommend Sony Alpha 7-series cameras for the use with older manual lenses because they are the only ones with a fullframe sensor and in my experience most lenses work best on the larger sensor. Minolta MD Zoom 4/75-150 – A very interesting lens which is as sharp as the Canon but more versatile. This website uses cookies to improve your experience. But not with this lens. I think that’s a very reasonable focus throw. I don’t have any experience with the Minolta 3.5/135. One big difference from the 2.8 is that the 2.5’s old FD all metal construction feels very solid to me, at the expense of weight – 630 g. Hello,thank you for the very good reviews you publish ! This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. . The Canon FD 135mm 1:2.8 usually sells for around $40-60 at ebay.com (affiliate link). I don’t know what kind of lens you had, but all the 8 copies I owned were amazing. Finally, it is sharp. Based on what you should expect to pay for a used vintage macro lens. Stopping down to f/4 sees the center improve slightly with the corners now becoming very sharp. I wonder if there are significant differrent between the MC and MD Rokkor 135/2.8? Do you have some samples online? . The lens is a bit softer at f/2.8 closer distances than at longer ones and I would stop down to f/5.6 for very good sharpness. I couldn’t provoke any ghosting but in a worst case scenario you will see a painful contrast loss. My use is mainly landscape. So I can’t help you, but maybe somebody else here? The older one is said to be a bit softer but with nicer bokeh. I just discovered your website, and you and your team are making such an excellent job to make it easy for beginners like me interested in vintage lenses. The bokeh is very nice and makes this lens a very good solution for portrait photography. Those are very different lenses. Well, for one thing it isn't that much bigger than my 50mm. So my question is, what does it mean? Secondly the f2.8 aperture is big enough to produce a good out of focus background to isolate the subject. I prefer the Minolta’s build quality but the Canon has 8 aperture blades and focuses a bit closer. There is a moderate amount of lateral CA and you should correct it in your raw converter. Here are links to adapters to mount the Canon FD 2.8/24 to Sony E mount cameras: Amazon.com |Amazon.de (affiliate links). Both are related only to a small degree. Expand for 100% crops @ f2 - f2.8 - f4 - f5.6 The bokeh produced by the FD100 f2 is smooth, creamy, buttery, soft goodness (swirly bokeh fans look elsewhere). CA is the only real optical issue I found can be a annoying for some scenes but for portraits and distant landscapes it shouldn’t be a problem. This really is my best friend for certain purposes. do anyone know how to disassembly the canon nFD 135 f2.8 ? Sure, it's heavy and balances poorly on both the Sony A7s and a6000. 9.5. With its octagonal diaphragm, this Canon 100-400mm L IS makes 8-pointed sunstars on brilliant points of light.. All in all operation works well enough but other lenses handle a bit more pleasant. The aperture ring has half-stops from f/2.8 to f/22 but it requires too much force to move it if you ask me. Many more samples in my Canon FD 2.8/135 flickr album. And that's a good thing because at this focal length, on a full-frame sensor and at large apertures there's plenty of … “It is also 130 grams lighter.” On my Sony a7 it performs very well as a portrait and landscape lens. The Canon 100mm f/2.8 Macro L IS is a swell lens. All the markings are embossed. It is not much bigger than the 50mm standard lens. So out of focus highlights stay very round when you stop down. These cookies do not store any personal information. Minolta MD Rokkor 2.8/135 – Both lenses are similar in size and performance, I think the Minolta is a tiny little bit sharper. Sony a7 | Canon FD 2.8/135 | f/2.8 | shaded with hand. A Canon Extensin Tube 50 should also be inexpensive to pick … I am using a k&f concept adapter. My copy of the Konica Hexanon 135 3.2 is not very good at the edges, though the lens is tiny, relatively close focusing, and has good bokeh. I wouldn’t bother to use one of those adapters. Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "ac1ca85631eedd47dc2eeda6b2a96d87" );document.getElementById("db18e3b696").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. I wouldn‘t know how the adapter could affect your results. Very nice contrast and a minimum focus if onley 1m makes it very usefull. Would really love to see you try out the Konica AR 135mm f3.2. The second version of the lens is a new FD mount design, which eliminates the rotating locking ring. 9.5. 9.7. The lens is also light and small. It was smaller in length than I had anticipated and has the feel of solid construction. In the hand, the lens feels solid. It is backward compatible with FD and FL camera bodies. User rating, 5 out of 5 stars with 1 review. Are you sure that your shutter speeds are short enough? The Canon FD 2.8/135 draws a very pleasant bokeh and this is one of it’s biggest strengths. New Canonet QL17 (1969) altprocess. It’s cheap but in my eyes it’s a magic lens. I managed to put one of them back together. The Canon 100mm f/2.8 L’s image stabilization is top tier, meaning you can hand hold this sucker without needing a gimbal and still get stable shots. I would be more than surprised if it was better corrected for CA since I don’t know any tele without special glass which is well corrected for axial CA. I imagine they were not built by Canon but under license. At f/2.8, sharpness and contrast across the frame are fantastic. Canon 100-400mm sunstars at 100mm at f/10. is a bit more compact, and can be found on eBay for under $100. Stopping down to f/2.8 hugely increases the contrast of the center. Note: though not as light as either the 50mm E or 35mm E, the 100mm E really isn’t a lens that adds real-world weight to any camera, from a DSLR to a compact mirrorless. Canon FD 100mm f/2.8 Specifications Lens Specifications Also I find the 55mm filter thread to be an odd size.